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6 Eating in or out of home in the Portuguese population: are there differences in dietary intake?
  1. Mariana Silva1,2,
  2. Sara Rodrigues1,3,
  3. Daniela Correia1,2,
  4. Duarte Torres1,3,
  5. Carla Lopes1,2 and
  6. Milton Severo1,2
  1. 1EPIUnit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto
  2. 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto
  3. 3Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto

Abstract

Background Eating out of home (OH) has been increasing due to social and contextual changes. This phenomenon varies according to age, region and eating location and can contribute to a poor diet quality. Overall, there is insufficient information on the nutrient intake and types of food groups consumed OH by the Portuguese population.

Objectives Describe and compare energy and nutrient intake and food groups (FG) consumption according to eating out patterns (EOP), by age groups.

Methods This analysis used data from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (IAN-AF;2015–2016) and includes 5005 individuals (3-84 years). Dietary intake was estimated by two non-consecutive days of food dairies in children (<10 years) or 24-hrs recalls for the other age groups. Four EOP were defined according to eating location: ‘Home’ (at least 80% of meals at home) ‘Other homes’, ‘School/Work’ and ‘Restaurants/Other Places’ (<80% of meals at home and the highest prevalence of consumption of meals in the respective location).

Results Consumption at Home contributed in 70.3% for total energy intake (TEI). Compared with ‘Home’ EOP, ‘Restaurants/other places’ was characterized by higher TEI (2110 vs. 1780 kcal;p<0.001 in adults), saturated fatty acids (in adults, adolescents and children) and sodium intake (in children and adults). ‘Restaurants/other places’ presented also the highest consumption of sweets/cakes/biscuits and non-alcoholic beverages. ‘School/work’ presented the highest fibre intake and fruit/vegetables/pulses consumption, significant in children, adolescents and adults. ‘Non-alcoholic beverages’ presented higher mean daily intakes in ‘Restaurants and other places’, in adults and adolescents. In adults, a higher odds of drinking alcoholic beverages in ‘Restaurants and other places’ was found (OR=1.73;IC95%:1.17-2.56).

Conclusion ‘School/work’ and ‘Restaurants/other places’ are the EOP more relevant when considering OH-consumption; the first seems to contribute to higher consumption of nutrient-dense foods and the second to higher consumption of energy-dense foods, reflecting different nutrient profiles.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjnph-2022-nnedprosummit.13

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