Linear regression analysis of maternal fat mass (FM) by maternal characteristics
| Variable (Ref) | n=125 n (%) | Univariate analysis | Multiple linear regression analysis* | ||||||
| Coefficient | P value | CI (95%) | Coefficient | P value | CI (95%) | ||||
| Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | ||||||
| Site (Korogocho) | 73 (58.4) | ||||||||
| Viwandani | 52 (41.6) | −0.37 | 0.784 | −3.02 | 2.29 | −2.66 | 0.101 | −5.83 | 0.51 |
| Maternal age (<20 years) | 26 (20.8) | ||||||||
| 20–24 | 42 (33.6) | 3.67 | 0.03† | 0.34 | 6.99 | 7.28 | 0.001† | 2.97 | 11.57 |
| 25–29 | 36 (28.8) | 2.95 | 0.091 | −0.49 | 6.37 | 7.89 | 0.002† | 2.94 | 12.85 |
| ≥30 | 13 (10.4) | 7.49 | 0.02 | 2.89 | 12.10 | 13.29 | 0.000† | 7.05 | 19.52 |
| Marital status (Single) | 26 (20.8) | ||||||||
| Married/living together | 95 (76) | −1.69 | 0.291 | −4.83 | 1.45 | −2.06 | 0.292 | −5.89 | 1.76 |
| Ethnic group (Somali) | 7 (5.6) | ||||||||
| Kikuyu/Embu | 38 (30.4) | 0.08 | 0.981 | −5.78 | 5.93 | −14.98 | 0.023 | −27.9 | −2.06 |
| Kamba | 18 (14.4) | −1.59 | 0.622 | −7.93 | 4.76 | −16.97 | 0.062 | −30.15 | −3.78 |
| Kisii | 4 (3.2) | 1.47 | 0.752 | −7.45 | 10.39 | −8.94 | 0.231 | −23.46 | 5.59 |
| Luhya | 26 (20.8) | −1.73 | 0.581 | −7.82 | 4.36 | −17.31 | 0.972 | −30.13 | −4.59 |
| Luo | 23 (18.4) | −2.08 | 0.512 | −8.22 | 4.07 | −15.96 | 0.321 | −28.49 | −3.43 |
| Taita | 2 (1.6) | 8.53 | 0.144 | −2.88 | 19.95 | −9.61 | 0.251 | −25.95 | 6.74 |
| Religion (Christian) | 111 (88.8) | ||||||||
| Muslim | 9 (7.2) | −0.83 | 0.742 | −5.76 | 4.11 | −12.82 | 0.462 | −23.42 | −2.22 |
| Traditional | 1 (0.8) | −10.32 | 0.163 | −24.61 | 3.98 | −5.82 | 0.443 | −20.89 | 9.25 |
| Parity (None) | 47 (37.6) | ||||||||
| 1–2 | 60 (48) | −0.83 | 0.562 | −3.68 | 2.06 | −3.08 | 0.101 | −6.76 | 0.61 |
| 3–4 | 13 (10.4) | −1.06 | 0.644 | −5.57 | 3.46 | −4.12 | 0.152 | −9.72 | 1.48 |
| 5–7 | 5 (4) | −0.98 | 0.78 | −7.74 | 5.78 | −4.98 | 0.251 | −13.54 | 3.57 |
| Occupation (None) | |||||||||
| Informal | 27 (21.6) | 1.84 | 0.251 | −1.32 | 4.99 | −2.92 | 0.161 | −7.02 | 1.17 |
| Formal | 6 (4.8) | 5.08 | 0.094 | −0.88 | 11.04 | 4.47 | 0.202 | −2.41 | 11.36 |
| Education (None) | 21 (16.8) | ||||||||
| Primary school | 80 (64.0) | 0.55 | 0.759 | −2.99 | 4.09 | 0.77 | 0.694 | −3.03 | 4.56 |
| Secondary school | 16 (12.8) | 1.92 | 0.428 | −2.86 | 6.71 | 2.56 | 0.384 | −3.23 | 8.39 |
| College/university | 2 (1.6) | 3.32 | 0.539 | −7.35 | 13.98 | −4.31 | 0.472 | −16.09 | 7.48 |
| Gestation stage (First trimester) | 20 (16.0) | ||||||||
| Second trimester | 105 (84.0) | 2.12 | 0.251 | −1.54 | 5.77 | 1.76 | 0.423 | −2.56 | 6.09 |
| Number of ANC visits (None) | 20 (16.0) | ||||||||
| 1–3 | 50 (40.0) | −1.37 | 0.488 | −5.24 | 2.51 | −2.14 | 0.345 | −6.52 | 2.25 |
| >3 | 55 (44.0) | −1.50 | 0.436 | −5.30 | 2.30 | −2.81 | 0.184 | −6.94 | 1.33 |
| Pregnancy complications (0) | 38 (30.4) | ||||||||
| 1 | 39 (31.2) | 0.5 | 0.764 | −2.82 | 3.83 | 2.19 | 0.231 | −1.44 | 5.82 |
| 2 | 31 (24.8) | 1.18 | 0.508 | −2.33 | 4.69 | 1.31 | 0.533 | −2.79 | 5.42 |
| 3–5 | 17 (13.6) | −1.29 | 0.543 | −5.47 | 2.90 | −2.66 | 0.253 | −7.26 | 1.93 |
*Adjusting for sociodemographic (age, marital status, ethnicity, religion, parity, study area), socioeconomic (education, occupation) and health related (ANC attendance, pregnancy complications and weight).
†Significant at p<0.05.
ANC, antenatal care.