Comparison | Case definition | Comparison group definition | Sample size | Ancestry |
Any COVID-19 case versus population controls | Laboratory/Physician confirmed OR self-reported positive | Everyone that is not a case (eg, the population) | 17 965 cases, 1 370 547 controls | 93.6% EUR 3.1% EAS/SAS 1.8% AFR 1% ARAB <1% AMR <1% HIS |
Hospitalised COVID-19 cases versus population controls | Laboratory/Physician confirmed AND hospitalised for COVID-19 | Everyone that is not a case (eg, the population) | 7885 cases, 961 804 controls | 93.7% EUR 3.5% EAS/SAS 1.1% AFR 1.4% ARAB <1% AMR <1% HIS |
Severe respiratory COVID-19 cases versus population controls | Laboratory confirmed AND hospitalised AND respiratory support or death | Everyone that is not a case (eg, the population) | 4336 cases, 623 902 controls | 99.6% EUR <1% AMR |
COVID-19-positive cases versus COVID-19-negative controls | Laboratory/Physician confirmed OR self-reported positive | Laboratory confirmed OR self-reported negative | 11 085 cases, 116 794 controls | 86.5% EUR <1% EAS/SAS 9.6% AFR 3.2% HIS |
Hospitalised versus non-hospitalised COVID-19 | Laboratory/Physician confirmed AND hospitalised for COVID-19 | Laboratory or physician confirmed COVID-19 | 2430 hospitalised 8478 non-hospitalised | 75.3% EUR <1% EAS/SAS 12.6% AFR 6.4% ARAB 4.7% HIS |
AFR, African; AMR, Ad Mixed American; ARAB, Arabic; EAS/SAS, East Asian/South Asian; EUR, European; HIS, Hispanic.