Table 3

Association between ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) and CMR

Model 1Model 2
Effect CMRSDP valueEffect, CMRSDP value
NOVA 4 (% Kcal)0.0030.0010.0010.0010.0010.209
  • Model 1: crude+age+sex+BMI smoking status+education+socioeconomic status+PAL+level of misreporting.

  • Model 2: model 1+DASH score.

  • BMI, body mass index; CMR, cardiometabolic risk; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; PAL, physical activity level.