Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 by race/ethnicity
| Characteristics | Overall (N=1584) | Non-Hispanic white (n=651) | Asian (n=93) | Hispanic/Latinx (n=491) | Non-Hispanic black (n=262) | Other (n=87) | P value |
| Daily cases | 5.7 (3.9) | 2.35 (2.04) | 0.34 (0.58) | 1.77 (1.66) | 0.95 (1.07) | 0.31 (0.57) | <0.001 |
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 61.58 (19.83) | 66.45 (19.91) | 65.31 (21.83) | 54.03 (17.33) | 62.27 (19.49) | 61.70 (18.68) | <0.001 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 874 (55.2) | 372 (57.1) | 45 (48.4) | 258 (52.5) | 145 (55.3) | 54 (62.1) | 0.215 |
| Median household income of census tract, median (IQR)* | 36 118 (23 359–54 207) | 53 112 (40 242–61 525) | 37 939 (23 618–52 368) | 23 607 (20 805–29 764) | 28 877 (22 373–44 211) | 40 323 (26 734–58 295) | <0.001 |
| SES index† | 56.58 (6.83) | 60.69 (6.04) | 57.20 (5.91) | 51.95 (5.17) | 54.36 (5.36) | 57.97 (6.25) | <0.001 |
| Clinical characteristics | |||||||
| Elixhauser comorbidity score‡, mean (SD) | 10.50 (12.52) | 11.82 (13.09) | 10.82 (12.61) | 8.36 (11.66) | 12.05 (12.41) | 7.67 (11.02) | <0.001 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 307 (19.4) | 123 (18.9) | 6 (6.5) | 98 (20.0) | 65 (24.8) | 15 (17.2) | 0.004 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 746 (47.1) | 329 (50.5) | 42 (45.2) | 179 (36.5) | 157 (59.9) | 39 (44.8) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 464 (29.3) | 169 (26.0) | 33 (35.5) | 159 (32.4) | 82 (31.3) | 21 (24.1) | 0.059 |
| Prior myocardial infarction or heart failure, n (%) | 388 (24.5) | 187 (28.7) | 20 (21.5) | 89 (18.1) | 76 (29.0) | 16 (18.4) | <0.001 |
| Prior COPD or asthma, n (%) | 296 (18.7) | 156 (24.0) | 16 (17.2) | 53 (10.8) | 59 (22.5) | 12 (13.8) | <0.001 |
*Median household income was obtained from the American Community Survey 2013–2018. Data were missing for 16% of the sample due to missing data on patient census tract. For these patients, income was imputed as the median value. P value for median household income obtained via Kruskal-Wallis test.
†SES index calculated according to AHRQ methodology, standardised to Los Angeles County.
‡Elixhauser comorbidity score calculated using the van Walraven method.
AHRQ, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SES, socioeconomic status.