Table 3

Regression coefficients describing the effects of glycated haemoglobin during middle age and old age

Null modelModel 1Model 2Model 3Model 4Model 5
βP valueβP valueβP valueβP valueβP value
Intercept5.4074<0.0015.2455<0.0015.2663<0.0015.3103<0.0015.2685<0.0015.3425<0.001
Time0.2026<0.0010.193<0.0010.2003<0.0010.2127<0.0010.2099<0.001
Short duration between dinner and bedtime vs >2 hours−0.020940.4463
Short duration × time0.0074360.6507
Higher TG in 2012 vs normal−0.08106<0.001
TG × time0.002920.8061
Higher BP in 2012 year vs normal−0.032780.0633
BP × time−0.013960.1859
Higher BMI in 2012 vs normal−0.1259<0.001
BMI × time−0.009170.4231
Men vs women
Sex × time
Smoking vs non-smoking
Smoking × time
Alcohol consumption vs no alcohol consumption
Alcohol consumption × time
Regular exercise vs no exercise
Regular exercise × time
AIC3268.91737.91654.81734.41745.21703.5
BIC3279.61759.31675.91755.81766.71725
Residual variance0.08885<0.0010.04911<0.0010.0492<0.0010.0491<0.0010.04907<0.0010.04908<0.001
Null modelModel 6Model 7Model 8Model 9Model 10
βP valueβP valueβP valueβP valueβP valueβP value
Intercept5.4074<0.0015.2412<0.0015.1835<0.0015.2027<0.0015.2125<0.0015.3261<0.001
Time0.1974<0.0010.2106<0.0010.192<0.0010.2083<0.0010.2169<0.001
Short duration between dinner and bedtime vs >2 hours0.027280.3135
Short duration × time−0.007350.6545
Higher TG in 2012 vs normal
TG × time
Higher BP in 2012 vs normal
BP × time
Higher BMI in 2012 vs normal−0.1388<0.001
BMI × time−0.011380.3375
Men vs women0.0067560.686
Sex × time0.0080380.4185
Smoking vs non-smoking0.068390.0133
Smoking × time−0.008780.5907
Alcohol consumption vs no alcohol consumption0.051870.0109
Alcohol consumption × time0.011760.3202
Regular exercise vs no exercise0.06625<0.001
Regular exercise × time−0.015210.12
AIC3268.91750.71743.51648.21641.31615.3
BIC3279.61772.11764.91669.31662.41636.4
Residual variance0.08885<0.0010.04912<0.0010.0491<0.0010.04921<0.0010.04929<0.0010.04917<0.001
Null modelModel 11Model 12Model 13
βP valueβP valueβP valueβP value
Intercept5.4074<0.0015.172<0.0015.1949<0.0015.2556<0.001
Time0.2067<0.0010.2002<0.0010.086540.0983
Short duration between dinner and bedtime vs >2 hours0.012510.65130.0096570.72840.033630.2105
Short duration × time−0.006710.6863−0.010020.5462−0.010940.5071
Higher TG in 2012 vs normal0.07234<0.001
TG × time−0.007840.5272
Higher BP in 2012 vs normal
BP × time
Higher BMI in 2012 vs normal−0.1232<0.001
BMI × time−0.013610.2589
Men vs women
Sex × time
Smoking vs non-smoking0.066360.0213
Smoking × time0.0058690.7277
Alcohol consumption vs no alcohol consumption0.050710.0141
Alcohol consumption × time0.012830.2836
Regular exercise vs no exercise−0.06409<0.001
Regular exercise × time0.024140.0184
AIC3268.91661.11659.51618.9
BIC3279.61682.21680.61640
Residual variance0.08885<0.0010.04919<0.0010.04921<0.0010.04918<0.001
  • AIC, Akaike information criterion; BIC, Bayesian information criterion; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; TG, triglyceride.