Table 5

Pairwise comparisons to assess change over time in finger prick vitamin D results for the sample by treatment arm

Patch assigned			Paired differences 25(OH)D nmol/L					t	df	Sig. (two tailed)	Effect size (Cohen’s d)
			Mean	Std. deviation	Std. error mean	95% CI of the difference
			Mean	Std. deviation	Std. error mean	Lower	Upper
Small patch	Pair 1	Baseline to week 2	2.40	8.18	2.59	−3.45	8.25	0.93	9	0.378	0.29
	Pair 2	Baseline to week 4	1.91	10.72	3.23	−5.29	9.11	0.59	10	0.568	0.18
	Pair 3	Baseline to week 6	−7.77	11.65	3.23	−14.81	−0.73	−2.40	12	0.033	−0.67
	Pair 4	Baseline to week 8	−10.42	11.36	3.28	−17.63	−3.20	−3.18	11	0.009	−0.92
	Pair 5	Week 2 to week 4	−3.45	8.51	2.57	−9.17	2.26	−1.35	10	0.208	−0.41
	Pair 6	Week 2 to week 6	−11.83	9.79	2.82	−18.05	−5.61	−4.19	11	0.002	−1.21
	Pair 7	Week 2 to week 8	−17.00	9.74	2.81	−23.19	−10.81	−6.04	11	0.000	−1.74
	Pair 8	Week 4 to week 6	−8.08	5.56	1.54	−11.44	−4.72	−5.24	12	0.000	−1.45
	Pair 9	Week 4 to week 8	−12.00	5.58	1.55	−15.37	−8.63	−7.750	12	0.000	−2.15
	Pair 10	Week 6 to week 8	−4.43	6.63	1.77	−8.26	−0.60	−2.50	13	0.027	−0.67
Big patch	Pair 1	Baseline to week 2	−4.33	7.76	2.24	−9.26	0.60	−1.93	11	0.079	−0.56
	Pair 2	Baseline to week 4	−6.00	9.17	2.45	−11.30	−0.70	−2.45	13	0.029	−0.65
	Pair 3	Baseline to week 6	−13.79	12.31	3.29	−20.89	−6.68	−4.19	13	0.001	−1.12
	Pair 4	Baseline to week 8	−16.57	11.49	3.07	−23.21	−9.93	−5.39	13	0.000	−1.44
	Pair 5	Week 2 to week 4	−2.61	6.20	1.72	−6.36	1.13	−1.52	12	0.154	−0.42
	Pair 6	Week 2 to week 6	−10.77	9.31	2.58	−16.40	−5.14	−4.17	12	0.001	−1.16
	Pair 7	Week 2 to week 8	−12.38	9.23	2.56	−17.96	−6.80	−4.84	12	0.000	−1.34
	Pair 8	Week 4 to week 6	−7.93	8.45	2.18	−12.61	−3.26	−3.64	14	0.003	−0.94
	Pair 9	Week 4 to week 8	−10.80	9.70	2.50	−16.17	−5.43	−4.31	14	0.001	−1.11
	Pair 10	Week 6 to week 8	−2.87	6.86	1.77	−6.67	0.93	−1.62	14	0.128