Comparison of the mean CC knowledge scores with the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients with T1DM
| Characteristics | Mean | (SD) | t-value/ F-value | P value |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 23.02 | (7.0) | 0.015 | 0.988 |
| Female | 23.01 | (7.5) | ||
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 23.51 | (7.0) | 2.457 | 0.088 |
| Married | 22.48 | (7.7) | ||
| Divorce | 18.50 | (8.0) | ||
| Educational level | ||||
| High school or lower | 20.53 | (8.2) | 4.091 | 0.018 |
| Graduate | 23.62 | (7.0) | ||
| Postgraduate | 24.54 | (5.8) | ||
| DM duration (years) | ||||
| ≤15 | 24.36 | (7.2) | 2.719 | 0.007 |
| >15 | 21.74 | (7.2) | ||
| Type of insulin therapy | ||||
| Multiple daily insulin injections | 22.24 | (7.3) | −4.578 | < 0.0001 |
| Insulin pump | 28.92 | (3.9) | ||
| CC use | ||||
| Yes | 25.98 | (6.8) | 7.332 | < 0.0001 |
| No | 19.52 | (6.3) | ||
| Frequency of visits to a dietitian in the past 2 years | ||||
| Has not visited a dietitian | 20.0 | (6.9) | 3.356 | 0.020 |
| 1–2 times | 21.72 | (6.8) | ||
| 3–5 times | 24.05 | (7.7) | ||
| ˃5 times | 24.72 | (7.3) | ||
| No of times taught about CC | ||||
| Never taught | 17.25 | (4.9) | 7.938 | < 0.0001 |
| 1–2 times | 21.50 | (7.8) | ||
| 3–5 times | 23.65 | (5.6) | ||
| ˃5 times | 26.43 | (6.7) |
CC, carbohydrate counting; DM, diabetes mellitus; T1DM, type 1 diabetes mellitus.