Arterial stiffness and retinal vessel diameters (mean±SD) for each group before and after intervention
| Parameter | Time point | Erythritol group | Xylitol group | Control group | Time effect (P value) | Treatment effect (P value) |
| LB-PWV(m/s) | Preintervention | (n=12) 6.0±0.9 | (n=13) 6.1±0.9 | (n=13) 5.9±0.9 | 0.079 | 0.792 |
| Postintervention | (n=12) 5.8±0.6 | (n=13) 6.0±0.9 | (n=12) 5.9±0.9 | |||
| AVR (n=14) | Preintervention | 0.8±0.0 | 0.8±0.1 | 0.8±0.1 | 0.900 | 0.698 |
| Postintervention | 0.8±0.0 | 0.8±0.1 | 0.8±0.1 |
Linear mixed effect model with subsequent Šidak test.
AVR, arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio; LB-PWV, left-brachial pulse wave velocity.