Table 2

Anthropometric variables of the participants at weeks 0, 4, 8 and 12

VariableWeek 0Week 4Week 8Week 12
Weight (kg)
 Group 179.0±27.178.1±26.5*‡77.3±26.0*‡73.9±23.7*‡
 Group 279.3±28.578.1±27.4*†77.2±27.4*†71.9±26.1*†
 Group 377.2±27.274.0±26.6*†‡72.6±26.4*†‡70.2±25.0*†‡
 Group 4 (placebo)79.1±28.679.3±28.4†‡78.4±28.7†‡78.8±28.6†‡
BMI (kg/m2)
 Group 130.6±3.130.3±2.9*‡30.0±2.8*‡28.8±2.2*‡
 Group 230.2±2.829.8±2.5*†29.4±2.6*†27.3±2.7*†
 Group 330.0±3.028.7±3.1*†‡28.1±3.2*†‡27.2±2.9*†‡
 Group 4 (placebo)30.7±3.230.8±3.1†‡30.4±3.3†‡30.6±3.2†‡
Waist (cm)
 Group 185.9±3.884.8±3.983.9±3.7*83.0±3.9*
 Group 284.7±4.483.2±4.582.4±4.6*82.0±3.8*
 Group 385.3±4.883.4±4.782.7±4.5*81.9±5.0*
 Group 4 (placebo)84.2±4.384.2±4.484.5±4.584.4±4.6
Hip (cm)
 Group 1106.4±3.5105.7±3.6105.1±3.4*104.6±3.6*
 Group 2105.8±3.4104.9±3.3104.4±3.2*103.8±3.5*
 Group 3105.1±3.9104.0±3.8103.5±4.0*102.9±3.8*
 Group 4 (placebo)106.6±3.7106.5±3.9106.4±3.9106.7±3.5
BFR (%)
 Group 129.8±6.729.6±6.629.1±6.8*28.5±6.6*
 Group 228.1±5.527.6±5.427.1±5.6*26.6±5.4*
 Group 330.4±6.329.7±6.429.2±6.5*28.5±6.3*
 Group 4 (placebo)29.1±5.829.2±5.929.3±6.029.4±5.6
  • Group 1: daily intake of 5 mL of ACV; group 2: daily intake of 10 mL of ACV; group 3: daily intake of 15 mL of ACV.

  • All values are mean±SD.

  • *p<0.05; compared with baseline (week 0).

  • †p<0.05; compared with group 1 within a specific week.

  • ‡p<0.05; compared with group 2 within a specific week.

  • ACV, apple cider vinegar; BFR, body fat ratio; BMI, body mass index.