Frequency of food consumption according to self-reported dietary pattern in the entire group
| Dietary pattern | ||||
| Frequency of intake of food groups | Omnivorous (n=424) | Vegetarian (vegan+lacto–ovo-vegetarian) (n=191) | Flexitarian (n=87) | P value |
| Cereals | ||||
| ≤1 time/week | 29 (6.9) | 11 (5.8) | 7 (8.1) | 0.090 |
| 4 times/week | 72 (17.1) | 19 (10.0) | 18 (20.7) | |
| ≥5 times/week | 319 (76.0) | 160 (84.2) | 62 (71.2) | |
| Beans | ||||
| ≤1 time/week | 104 (24.8) | 4 (2.1) | 17 (19.5) | <0.001 |
| 2–4 times/week | 107 (25.4) | 19 (10.0) | 27 (31.0) | |
| ≥5 times/week | 209 (49.8) | 167 (87.9) | 43 (49.4) | |
| Fruits | ||||
| ≤1 time/week | 74 (17.5) | 12 (6.3) | 19 (21.8) | <0.001 |
| 2–4 times/week | 116 (27.4) | 20 (10.5) | 18 (20.7) | |
| ≥5 times/week | 233 (55.1) | 159 (83.2) | 50 (57.5) | |
| Vegetables | ||||
| ≤1 time/week | 75 (17.7) | 4 (2.1) | 13 (14.9) | <0.001 |
| 2–4 times/week | 118 (27.9) | 8 (4.2) | 22 (25.3) | |
| ≥5 times/week | 230 (54.4) | 179 (93.7) | 52 (59.8) | |
| Nuts and seeds | ||||
| ≤1 time/week | 319 (75.6) | 64 (33.5) | 55 (63.2) | <0.001 |
| 2–4 times/week | 54 (12.8) | 51 (26.7) | 16 (18.4) | |
| ≥5 times/week | 49 (11.6) | 76 (39.8) | 16 (18.4) | |
| Vegetable oils | ||||
| ≤1 time/week | 134 (31.7) | 31 (16.2) | 29 (33.3) | <0.001 |
| 2–4 times/week | 96 (22.7) | 14 (7.3) | 17 (19.5) | |
| ≥5 times/week | 193 (45.6) | 146 (76.5) | 41 (47.1) | |
| Dairy | ||||
| ≤1 time/week | 68 (16.1) | 119 (62.6) | 31 (35.6) | <0.001 |
| 2–4 times/week | 109 (25.8) | 26 (13.7) | 22 (25.3) | |
| ≥5 times/week | 245 (58.1) | 45 (23.7) | 34 (39.1) | |
| Eggs | ||||
| ≤1 time/week | 132 (31.4) | 117 (61.9) | 24 (27.6) | <0.001 |
| 2–4 times/week | 146 (34.4) | 35 (18.5) | 34 (39.1) | |
| ≥5 times/week | 142 (33.8) | 37 (19.6) | 29 (33.3) | |
| Meats (red, processed, poultry, fish and seafood) | ||||
| ≤1 time/week | 20 (4.7) | 191 (100) | 34 (39.1) | <0.001 * |
| 2–4 times/week | 102 (24.1) | 0 | 53 (60.9) | |
| ≥5 times/week | 302 (71.2) | 0 | 0 | |
| Sweets and desserts | ||||
| ≤1 time/week | 152 (36.0) | 71 (37.2) | 36 (41.4) | 0.737 |
| 2–4 times/week | 141 (33.4) | 58 (30.4) | 23 (26.4) | |
| ≥5 times/week | 129 (30.6) | 62 (32.5) | 28 (32.2) | |
*Fisher’s exact test.