Linear regression analysis of maternal total body water (TBW) by maternal characteristics
| Variable (Ref) | n=125 n (%) | Univariate regression analysis | Multiple linear regression analysis* | ||||||
| Coefficient | P value | CI (95%) | Coefficient | P value | CI (95%) | ||||
| Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | ||||||
| Site (Korogocho) | 73 (58.4) | ||||||||
| Viwandani | 52 (41.6) | 1.30 | 0.126 | −2.99 | 0.37 | −0.91 | 0.376 | −2.97 | 1.136 |
| Maternal age (<20 years) | 26 (20.8) | ||||||||
| 20–24 | 42 (33.6) | 2.14 | 0.063 | −0.11 | 4.41 | 2.74 | 0.044† | 0.07 | 5.40 |
| 25–29 | 36 (28.8) | 3.17 | 0.008† | 0.84 | 5.50 | 4.13 | 0.009† | 1.04 | 7.23 |
| ≥30 | 13 (10.4) | 3.20 | 0.041† | −0.39 | 6.62 | 5.10 | 0.010† | 1.23 | 8.97 |
| Marital status (Single) | 26 (20.8) | ||||||||
| Married/living together | 95 (76) | 1.54 | 0.131 | −0.46 | 3.55 | −0.05 | 0.963 | −2.51 | 2.39 |
| Ethnicity (Somali) | 7 (5.6) | ||||||||
| Kikuyu/Embu | 38 (30.4) | −2.43 | 0.189 | −6.06 | 1.20 | −8.32 | 0.052 | −16.70 | 0.06 |
| Kamba | 18 (14.4) | −3.09 | 0.123 | −7.02 | 0.85 | −8.95 | 0.141 | −17.51 | −0.39 |
| Kisii | 4 (3.2) | −1.22 | 0.661 | −6.76 | 4.31 | −5.27 | 0.272 | −14.75 | 4.20 |
| Luhya | 26 (20.8) | 0.18 | 0.926 | −3.58 | 3.94 | −4.83 | 0.248 | −13.09 | 3.43 |
| Luo | 23 (18.4) | 0.91 | 0.636 | −2.90 | 4.72 | −4.24 | 0.304 | −12.39 | 3.91 |
| Taita | 2 (1.6) | −3.87 | 0.282 | −10.95 | 3.21 | −8.13 | 0.132 | −18.78 | 2.51 |
| Religion (Christian) | 111 (88.8) | ||||||||
| Muslim | 9 (7.2) | 0.13 | 0.937 | −3.02 | 3.27 | −4.15 | 0.233 | −11.03 | 2.72 |
| Traditional | 1 (0.8) | −6.32 | 0.173 | −15.46 | 2.81 | −5.39 | 0.275 | −15.17 | 4.38 |
| Parity (0) | 47 (37.6) | ||||||||
| 1–2 | 60 (48) | 0.86 | 0.347 | −0.94 | 2.66 | −0.3 | 0.762 | −2.75 | 2.02 |
| 3–4 | 13 (10.4) | 1.82 | 0.212 | −1.05 | 4.69 | −1.35 | 0.462 | −4.99 | 2.28 |
| 5–7 | 5 (4.0) | 3.46 | 0.114 | −0.84 | 7.76 | 0.12 | 0.965 | −5.45 | 5.70 |
| Occupation (None) | 88 (70.4) | ||||||||
| Informal | 27 (21.6) | 0.99 | 0.330 | −1.01 | 2.99 | −1.72 | 0.179 | −4.25 | 0.80 |
| Formal | 6 (4.8) | −0.91 | 0.642 | −4.75 | 2.94 | −0.39 | 0.861 | −4.88 | 4.09 |
| Education (None) | 21 (16.8) | ||||||||
| Primary school | 80 (64.0) | −0.92 | 0.422 | −3.16 | 1.33 | 0.19 | 0.874 | −2.27 | 2.67 |
| Secondary school | 16 (12.8) | −2.35 | 0.129 | −5.39 | 0.69 | 1.41 | 0.462 | −2.38 | 5.20 |
| College/university | 2 (1.6) | −1.31 | 0.704 | −8.09 | 5.48 | −2.11 | 0.584 | −9.76 | 5.53 |
| Trimester (First) | 20 (16.0) | ||||||||
| Second | 105 (84.0) | 2.74 | 0.024† | 0.47 | 4.96 | 3.569 | 0.010† | 0.87 | 6.25 |
| Number of ANC visits (None) | 20 (16.0) | ||||||||
| 1–3 | 50 (40.0) | −0.77 | 0.542 | −3.24 | 1.71 | −1.574 | 0.273 | −4.41 | 1.26 |
| >3 | 55 (44.0) | −1.78 | 0.152 | −4.21 | 0.66 | −2.287 | 0.095 | −4.98 | 0.40 |
| Pregnancy complications (0) | 38 (30.4) | ||||||||
| 1 | 39 (31.2) | 0.10 | 0.924 | −2.03 | 2.23 | −0.222 | 0.850 | −2.54 | 2.10 |
| 2 | 31 (24.8) | −0.64 | 0.575 | −2.89 | 1.61 | 0.192 | 0.885 | −2.44 | 2.82 |
| 3–5 | 17 (13.6) | −0.20 | 0.886 | −2.89 | 2.50 | −1.279 | 0.398 | −4.27 | 1.71 |
*Adjusting for sociodemographic (age, marital status, ethnicity, religion, parity, study area), socioeconomic (education, occupation) and health related (ANC attendance, pregnancy complications and weight).
†Significant at p<0.05.
ANC, antenatal care.