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A Prospective Study of Selenium Concentration and Risk of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Iranian Women: a Nested Case–Control Study

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Abstract

Preeclampsia remains a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide; however, its specific etiology still remains obscure. Some studies implicate poor maternal selenium status predisposing the mother to preeclampsia. This study was designed to determine changes in plasma selenium levels in women having preeclampsia as compared with those with normal pregnancy. In a nested case–control study, 650 normal primigravida in their first 24–28 weeks participated in the study. After 3 months of follow-up of all subjects, blood selenium levels were measured in 38 women presenting consecutively with preeclampsia and in 38 women having a normal pregnancy by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Birth outcomes were recorded, such as gestational age at delivery, height, weight, birth head circumflex and 1-min Apgar score. Preeclampsia affects about 5.84 % of pregnancies, and in our study, there were no significant differences in age, anthropometric indices, and family history of preeclampsia between the preeclamptic and control groups. The selenium concentrations in plasma in women with preeclampsia were significantly lower as compared with those in women with normal pregnancy (70.63 ± 21.41 versus 82.03 ± 15.54 μg/L, p < 0.05). Being in the bottom tertile of selenium concentration (less than 62.2 μg/L) was associated with greater risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women. The reduced selenium in the maternal circulations observed in the preeclamptic mothers support the hypothesis that insufficient selenium concentration may be a contributing factor to the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with preeclampsia, and optimizing the dietary selenium intake through supplementation could produce demonstrable clinical benefits.

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Acknowledgments

Hereby, I would like to thank the vice chancellor for research of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences for their financial support. The authors would like to thank Dr. Nasrin Shokrpour at Center for Development of Clinical Research of Nemazee Hospital for editorial assistance.

Conflict of Interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Midwifery, Estahban branch, Islamic Azad University, Estahban, Iran

    Seyede Zahra Ghaemi

  2. Shiraz Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Sedighe Forouhari

  3. Shiraz Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh

  4. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Mehrab Sayadi

  5. Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Marzieh Bakhshayeshkaram

  6. Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery Hazrat Fatemeh (P.B.U.H), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Faride Vaziri

  7. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Zohreh Tavana

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  1. Seyede Zahra Ghaemi
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  2. Sedighe Forouhari
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Correspondence to Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh.

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Ghaemi, S.Z., Forouhari, S., Dabbaghmanesh, M.H. et al. A Prospective Study of Selenium Concentration and Risk of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Iranian Women: a Nested Case–Control Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 152, 174–179 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-013-9614-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-013-9614-y

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