Archival ReportZinc in Depression: A Meta-Analysis
Section snippets
Data Sources
Methodology was consistent with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (18). The MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Collaboration, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched up to June 2012. A sample search strategy (for PubMed, National Library of Medicine) is detailed in Supplement 1. Reference lists of retrieved studies were searched for additional reports.
Study Selection
Inclusion criteria were:
Characteristics of Included Studies
Search criteria identified 299 unique records, of which 23 studies met inclusion criteria (Figure 1). Data could be extracted from 15 studies, and the authors of 2 additional studies provided means and SDs 14, 15. The characteristics of the included studies are summarized in Table 1. Of those studies, 10 reported on psychiatric inpatients, whereas 7 reported on community samples. The included studies ranged in sample size from 13 to 328, including a total of 1643 depressed patients and 804
Discussion
The present meta-analysis reports the concentration of zinc in the peripheral blood of depressed patients to be approximately 1.850 µmol/L lower than that of control subjects. Most of the included studies reported the means of depressed and control groups to be within normal laboratory reference ranges (i.e., 10.1–16.8 µmol/L) (35); however, the depressed group means were often near the lower boundary of the normal range.
Some variation in peripheral blood zinc concentrations might be explained
References (60)
- et al.
Time course of zinc deprivation-induced alterations of mice behavior in the forced swim test
Pharmacol Rep
(2012) - et al.
Zinc deficiency induces behavioral alterations in the tail suspension test in mice. Effect of antidepressants
Pharmacol Rep
(2012) - et al.
The role of zinc in neurodegenerative inflammatory pathways in depression
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
(2011) - et al.
Interaction of zinc with antidepressants in the tail suspension test
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
(2008) - et al.
The involvement of serotonergic system in the antidepressant effect of zinc in the forced swim test
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
(2009) - et al.
The efficacy of zinc supplementation in depression: Systematic review of randomised controlled trials
J Affect Disord
(2012) Biomarkers of trace mineral intake and status
J Nutr
(2003)- et al.
Hypozincemia in depression
J Affect Disord
(1994) - et al.
Serum zinc level in depressed patients during zinc supplementation of imipramine treatment
J Affect Disord
(2010) - et al.
Elevated serum copper levels in women with a history of post-partum depression
J Trace Elem Med Biol
(2007)
Lower serum dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity in treatment resistant major depression: Relationships with immune-inflammatory markers
Psychoneuroendocrinology
Lowered omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in serum phospholipids and cholesteryl esters of depressed patients
Psychiatry Res
Oxidative stress and brain glutamate-mediated excitability in depressed patients
J Affect Disord
Lower serum zinc in major depression is a sensitive marker of treatment resistance and of the immune/inflammatory response in that illness
Biol Psychiatry
Low dietary or supplemental zinc is associated with depression symptoms among women, but not men, in a population-based epidemiological survey
J Affect Disord
Potential roles of zinc in the pathophysiology and treatment of major depressive disorder
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
Mechanistic explanations how cell-mediated immune activation, inflammation and oxidative and nitrosative stress pathways and their sequels and concomitants play a role in the pathophysiology of unipolar depression
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
A meta-analysis of cytokines in major depression
Biol Psychiatry
Cytokine-mediated induction of metallothionein in Hepa-1c1c7 cells by oleanolic acid
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2R) are elevated in patients with major depressive disorder: A meta-analysis and meta-regression
J Affect Disord
Increased soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels are related to somatic but not to cognitive-affective features in major depression
Brain Behav Immun
Proteomic analysis shows the upregulation of erythrocyte dematin in zinc-restricted human subjects
Am J Clin Nutr
Lower serum zinc in major depression in relation to changes in serum acute phase proteins
J Affect Disord
Nutrition and depression: Implications for improving mental health among childbearing-aged women
Biol Psychiatry
The neuroprogressive nature of major depressive disorder: Pathways to disease evolution and resistance, and therapeutic implications
Mol Psychiatry
Role of zinc in the development and treatment of mood disorders
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care
Nutritional and functional status indicators in residents of a long-term care facility
J Nutr Elder
[Copper and zinc in the plasma of psychiatric patients] [Dutch]
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd
[Serum levels of cytokine, C-reactive protein and zinc in patients with depression: Changes worth paying attention to] [Chinese]
Chinese J Clin Rehab
Zinc and fatty acids in depression
Neurochem Res
Cited by (178)
Trace metals and astrocytes physiology and pathophysiology
2024, Cell CalciumGlobal and Epidemiological Perspectives on Diet and Mood
2024, The Gut-Brain Axis, Second EditionMajor depressive disorder as a neuro-immune disorder: Origin, mechanisms, and therapeutic opportunities
2023, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews